Arizona Certified Caregiver Practice Exam

What are signs of dehydration in an elderly client?

1. Increased energy and hydration levels

2. Dry mouth, confusion, and decreased urine output

3. Regular appetite and good skin elasticity

4. Frequently checking blood pressure

The correct answer is: Dry mouth, confusion, and decreased urine output

The signs of dehydration in an elderly client can involve various physical and cognitive indicators. In this context, dry mouth, confusion, and decreased urine output are classic signs of dehydration. A dry mouth occurs because the body lacks sufficient fluids, leading to reduced saliva production. Confusion can be a sign of serious dehydration, particularly in the elderly, who may already face cognitive challenges; dehydration can exacerbate these issues, leading to altered mental status or confusion. Decreased urine output indicates that the kidneys are not receiving enough fluid to function properly and are conserving what little fluid they have, resulting in less frequent urination. Considering the other choices, increased energy and hydration levels would be contrary to dehydration, as would a regular appetite and good skin elasticity, which typically indicate adequate hydration. Frequently checking blood pressure may be relevant in a clinical context but does not directly indicate signs of dehydration.